The process of altering the engineering properties of in situ or borrowed soil is referred to as what?

• A. Soil stabilization
• B. Ground improvement
• C. Both soil stabilization and ground improvement
• D. Soil compaction

Answer: (C)

The process of altering the engineering properties of in situ or borrowed soil is best described by the term "ground improvement," which encompasses various techniques to enhance soil properties for construction and environmental purposes. This can involve methods such as soil stabilization, compaction, grouting, and chemical treatment, all aimed at improving the load-bearing capacity, reducing permeability, or mitigating settlement issues in soils.

Soil stabilization specifically refers to one of the techniques used in ground improvement, particularly involving the addition of materials or the application of processes to enhance the soil’s strength or durability. While soil compaction is a critical technique for densifying soil and improving its load-bearing capacity, it is just one method among many that fall under the broader category of ground improvement.

Thus, the choice that includes both soil stabilization and ground improvement recognizes that both terms are part of the overarching concept of modifying soil properties. Ground improvement includes not only stabilization but also a variety of techniques that can be employed to achieve the desired soil characteristics for construction projects.