Which of the following types of operations adjusts signal timing based on real-time traffic conditions?

• A. Pretimed operation
• B. Semi-actuated operation
• C. Full actuated operation
• D. Fixed time operation

Answer: (C)

Full actuated operation is the type of signal control that adjusts timing based on real-time traffic conditions. In this system, traffic signals are equipped with sensors that monitor vehicle presence and flow. As a result, the signal timings can adapt dynamically, effectively responding to varying traffic conditions at intersections. This approach enhances traffic efficiency and minimizes delays, as it allows for longer green times when there is heavy traffic and shorter ones during lighter flows.

Unlike full actuated systems, pretimed operations follow a fixed schedule set to optimize traffic flow based on historical data rather than real-time input. Semi-actuated operation, while responsive to traffic on one approach, does not adapt signal timing across all directions based on observed conditions, and fixed time operation does not change at all during its cycle, regardless of actual traffic demand. These types of operations do not utilize real-time data to make adjustments, which is the key differentiator of full actuated systems.